前期准备
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环境准备
主机名 IP地址
ceph1 192.168.88.11/24
ceph2 192.168.88.12/24
ceph3 192.168.88.13/24
client1 192.168.88.10/24
pubserver 192.168.88.240/24
在pubserver上配置ansible环境
[root@pubserver ~]# mkdir ceph
[root@pubserver ~]# cd ceph
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim ansible.cfg
[defaults]
inventory = inventory
host_key_checking = false
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim inventory
[ceph] # 定义ceph组
ceph1 ansible_host=192.168.88.11
ceph2 ansible_host=192.168.88.12
ceph3 ansible_host=192.168.88.13
[clients] # 定义客户端组
client1 ansible_host=192.168.88.10
[all:vars]
ansible_ssh_user=root
ansible_ssh_pass=a
[root@pubserver ceph]# mkdir files/
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim files/local88.repo
[BaseOS]
name = BaseOS
baseurl = ftp://192.168.88.240/dvd/BaseOS
enabled = 1
gpgcheck = 0
[AppStream]
name = AppStream
baseurl = ftp://192.168.88.240/dvd/AppStream
enabled = 1
gpgcheck = 0
[rpms]
name = rpms
baseurl = ftp://192.168.88.240/rpms
enabled = 1
gpgcheck = 0
# 配置yum
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim 01-upload-repo.yml
---
- name: config repos.d
hosts: all
tasks:
- name: delete repos.d
file:
path: /etc/yum.repos.d
state: absent
- name: create repos.d
file:
path: /etc/yum.repos.d
state: directory
mode: '0755'
- name: upload local88
copy:
src: files/local88.repo
dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@pubserver ceph]# ansible-playbook 01-upload-repo.yml
配置名称解析
# 配置三台主机实现名称解析，解析的名字务必与主机实际名字一致
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim 02-modify-hosts.yml
---
- name: add names
hosts: ceph
tasks:
- name: add block
blockinfile: # 类似于lineinfile模块，可在目标文件中加多行
path: /etc/hosts
block: |
192.168.88.11 ceph1
192.168.88.12 ceph2
192.168.88.13 ceph3
192.168.88.240 quay.io
[root@pubserver ceph]# ansible-playbook 02-modify-hosts.yml
# 查看结果，以ceph1为例
[root@ceph1 ~]# tail -6 /etc/hosts
# BEGIN ANSIBLE MANAGED BLOCK
192.168.88.11 ceph1
192.168.88.12 ceph2
192.168.88.13 ceph3
192.168.88.240 quay.io
# END ANSIBLE MANAGED BLOCK
配置pubserver为NTP服务器
# 1. 查看pubserver自己的时区，如果时区不正确需要改正
[root@pubserver ~]# timedatectl
[root@pubserver ~]# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
# 2. 查看时间，如果时间不正确，需要调整时间
[root@pubserver ~]# date
[root@pubserver ~]# date -s "年-月-日 时:分:秒"
# 3. 配置chronyd服务
[root@pubserver ~]# yum install -y chrony
[root@pubserver ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
...略...
24 # Allow NTP client access from local network.
25 allow 192.168.0.0/16 # 为192.168开头的客户端提供时间服务
26
27 # Serve time even if not synchronized to a time source.
28 local stratum 10 # 即使自己没有时间源，也为客户端提供时间服务
...略...
[root@pubserver ~]# systemctl enable chronyd --now
[root@pubserver ~]# ss -ulnp # ntp使用udp 123端口
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
UNCONN 0 0 127.0.0.1:323 0.0.0.0:* users:(("chronyd",pid=554,fd=5))
UNCONN 0 0 0.0.0.0:123 0.0.0.0:* users:(("chronyd",pid=554,fd=6))
配置ceph1-ceph3使用pubserver提供的时间服务
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim 03-config-ntp.yml
---
- name: config ntp
hosts: ceph
tasks:
- name: install chrony # 安装chrony
yum:
name: chrony
state: present
- name: modify config # 替换以pool开头的行
lineinfile:
path: /etc/chrony.conf
regexp: '^pool'
line: "pool 192.168.88.240 iburst"
notify: restart ntp # 如果该任务的状态是CHANGED，则执行restart ntp任务
handlers:
- name: restart ntp # 只有notify通知时，才执行重启任务
service:
name: chronyd
state: restarted
enabled: yes
[root@pubserver ceph]# ansible-playbook 03-config-ntp.yml
# 以ceph1为例，查看结果
[root@ceph1 ~]# chronyc sources -v
.-- Source mode '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.
/ .- Source state '*' = current best, '+' = combined, '-' = not combined,
| / 'x' = may be in error, '~' = too variable, '?' = unusable.
|| .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
|| Reachability register (octal) -. | xxxx = adjusted offset,
|| Log2(Polling interval) --. | | yyyy = measured offset,
|| \ | | zzzz = estimated error.
|| | | \
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* 192.168.88.240 10 6 37 4 -8731ns[-6313us] +/- 7118us
准备容器仓库服务器
[root@pubserver ~]# yum install -y docker-distribution-2.6.2-2.git48294d9.el7.x86_64.rpm
# 2. 启动服务
[root@pubserver ~]# systemctl enable docker-distribution --now
安装软件包，并导入镜像
# 1. 在ceph集群节点上安装软件包
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim 04-install-ceph.yml
---
- name: install pkg
hosts: ceph
tasks:
- name: install pkg # 安装软件包
yum:
name: python39,podman,lvm2
state: present
[root@pubserver ceph]# ansible-playbook 04-install-ceph.yml
# 2. 将真机/linux-soft/s2/zzg/ceph_soft/ceph-server目录拷贝到ceph各节点，并导入镜像
[root@ceph1 ~]# cd ceph-server/
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# for c in *.tar
> do
> podman load -i $c
> done
[root@ceph2 ~]# cd ceph_soft/
[root@ceph2 ceph-server]# for c in *.tar
> do
> podman load -i $c
> done
[root@ceph3 ~]# cd ceph_soft/
[root@ceph3 ceph-server]# for c in *.tar
> do
> podman load -i $c
> done
# 3. 查看执行结果
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
quay.io/ceph/ceph v17 cc65afd6173a 7 weeks ago 1.4 GB
quay.io/ceph/ceph-grafana 8.3.5 dad864ee21e9 8 months ago 571 MB
quay.io/prometheus/prometheus v2.33.4 514e6a882f6e 9 months ago 205 MB
quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter v1.3.1 1dbe0e931976 12 months ago 22.3 MB
quay.io/prometheus/alertmanager v0.23.0 ba2b418f427c 15 months ago 58.9 MB
# 4. 配置ceph1-ceph3使用pubserver作为仓库服务器
[root@pubserver ceph]# vim 05-config-registry.yml
---
- name: config registry
hosts: ceph
tasks:
- name: modify config
blockinfile:
path: /etc/containers/registries.conf
block: |
[[registry]]
location = "quay.io:5000" # 指定服务器地址
insecure = true # 允许使用http协议
[root@pubserver ceph]# ansible-playbook 05-config-registry.yml
# 5. 以ceph1为例，查看执行结果
[root@ceph1 ceph_soft]# tail -5 /etc/containers/registries.conf
# BEGIN ANSIBLE MANAGED BLOCK
[[registry]]
location = "quay.io:5000"
insecure = true
# END ANSIBLE MANAGED BLOCK
# 5. 修改镜像名称，以便可以将其推送到自建镜像服务器
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman tag quay.io/ceph/ceph:v17 quay.io:5000/ceph/ceph:v17
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman tag quay.io/ceph/ceph-grafana:8.3.5 quay.io:5000/ceph/ceph-grafana:8.3.5
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman tag quay.io/prometheus/prometheus:v2.33.4 quay.io:5000/prometheus/prometheus:v2.33.4
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman tag quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.3.1 quay.io:5000/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.3.1
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman tag quay.io/prometheus/alertmanager:v0.23.0 quay.io:5000/prometheus/alertmanager:v0.23.0
# 6. 将镜像推送到镜像服务器，以便其他节点可以通过服务器下载镜像
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman push quay.io:5000/ceph/ceph:v17
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman push quay.io:5000/ceph/ceph-grafana:8.3.5
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman push quay.io:5000/prometheus/prometheus:v2.33.4
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman push quay.io:5000/prometheus/node-exporter:v1.3.1
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman push quay.io:5000/prometheus/alertmanager:v0.23.0
安装ceph
创建集群
# 1. 在ceph1上初始化集ceph集群。
# 集群初始化完成后，将自动生成ssh免密密钥，存放在/etc/ceph/目录下
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# ./cephadm bootstrap --mon-ip 192.168.88.11 --initial-dashboard-password=123456 --dashboard-password-noupdate
# 2. ceph将会以容器化的方式部署，查看生成了6个容器。
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# podman ps
# 3. 拷贝密钥文件至其他节点
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub ceph2
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub ceph3
# 4. 进入管理容器，查看ceph状态
[root@ceph1 ceph-server]# ./cephadm shell # 进入管理容器
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph -s # 查看ceph状态
cluster:
id: 1ddfccf2-77b4-11ed-8941-000c2953b002
health: HEALTH_WARN
OSD count 0 < osd_pool_default_size 3
services:
mon: 1 daemons, quorum ceph1 (age 11m)
mgr: ceph1.vnoivz(active, since 10m)
osd: 0 osds: 0 up, 0 in
data:
pools: 0 pools, 0 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 0 B used, 0 B / 0 B avail
pgs:
# 5. 查看相关容器状态，显示所有容器均已启动
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch ls
NAME PORTS RUNNING REFRESHED AGE PLACEMENT
alertmanager ?:9093,9094 1/1 91s ago 3m count:1
crash 1/3 91s ago 4m *
grafana ?:3000 1/1 91s ago 4m count:1
mgr 1/2 91s ago 4m count:2
mon 1/5 91s ago 4m count:5
node-exporter ?:9100 1/3 91s ago 4m *
prometheus ?:9095 1/1 91s ago 4m count:1
# 6. 查看集群中现有主机
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch host ls
HOST ADDR LABELS STATUS
ceph1 192.168.88.11 _admin
1 hosts in cluster
# 7. 向集群中添加其他主机
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch host add ceph2 192.168.88.12
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch host add ceph3 192.168.88.13
# 注：删除错误的主机命令为：ceph orch host rm 主机名 --force
# 8. 查看集群中主机
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch host ls
HOST ADDR LABELS STATUS
ceph1 192.168.88.11 _admin
ceph2 192.168.88.12
ceph3 192.168.88.13
3 hosts in cluster
# 9. 扩容MON节点。一共有3台MON，位于ceph1-ceph3
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch apply mon --placement="3 ceph1 ceph2 ceph3"
# 10. 查看mon状态
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: a4b69ab4-79dd-11ed-ae7b-000c2953b002
health: HEALTH_WARN
OSD count 0 < osd_pool_default_size 3
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph1,ceph3,ceph2 (age 2m)
mgr: ceph1.gmqorm(active, since 15m), standbys: ceph3.giqaph
osd: 0 osds: 0 up, 0 in
data:
pools: 0 pools, 0 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 0 B used, 0 B / 0 B avail
pgs:
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph mon stat
e3: 3 mons at {ceph1=[v2:192.168.88.11:3300/0,v1:192.168.88.11:6789/0],ceph2=[v2:192.168.88.12:3300/0,v1:192.168.88.12:6789/0],ceph3=[v2:192.168.88.13:3300/0,v1:192.168.88.13:6789/0]}, election epoch 14, leader 0 ceph1, quorum 0,1,2 ceph1,ceph3,ceph2
# 11. ceph2和ceph3上也将会出现相关容器
[root@ceph2 ~]# podman ps
[root@ceph3 ~]# podman ps
添加OSD硬盘
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph1:/dev/vdb
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph1:/dev/vdc
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph1:/dev/vdd
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph2:/dev/vdb
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph2:/dev/vdc
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph2:/dev/vdd
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph3:/dev/vdb
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph3:/dev/vdc
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph orch daemon add osd ceph3:/dev/vdd
# 2. 在节点上查询容器信息，将会发现又有新的osd容器出现
[root@ceph1 ~]# podman ps
# 3. 此时ceph的状态将会是HEALTH_OK，ceph集群搭建完成。
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: a4b69ab4-79dd-11ed-ae7b-000c2953b002
health: HEALTH_OK
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph1,ceph3,ceph2 (age 2m)
mgr: ceph1.gmqorm(active, since 2h), standbys: ceph3.giqaph
osd: 9 osds: 9 up (since 35s), 9 in (since 59s)
data:
pools: 1 pools, 1 pgs
objects: 2 objects, 449 KiB
usage: 186 MiB used, 180 GiB / 180 GiB avail
pgs: 1 active+clean
实现块存储
# 查看存储池。默认有一个名为.mgr的存储池，编号为1
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph osd lspools
1 .mgr
# 查看存储详细使用情况
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph df
--- RAW STORAGE ---
CLASS SIZE AVAIL USED RAW USED %RAW USED
hdd 180 GiB 180 GiB 187 MiB 187 MiB 0.10
TOTAL 180 GiB 180 GiB 187 MiB 187 MiB 0.10
--- POOLS ---
POOL ID PGS STORED OBJECTS USED %USED MAX AVAIL
.mgr 1 1 449 KiB 2 449 KiB 0 57 GiB
# 查看.mgr存储池的副本数量
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph osd pool get .mgr size
size: 3
存储池
创建并使用存储池
# 1. 创建名为rbd的存储池
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph osd pool create rbd 100
pool 'rbd' created
# 2. 设置rbd存储池的应用类型是rbd。还可以是rgw或cephfs
# 语法：ceph osd pool application enable <pool-name> <app-name>
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph osd pool application enable rbd rbd
# 3. 查看
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph osd pool ls
.mgr
rbd
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# ceph df
--- RAW STORAGE ---
CLASS SIZE AVAIL USED RAW USED %RAW USED
hdd 180 GiB 180 GiB 191 MiB 191 MiB 0.10
TOTAL 180 GiB 180 GiB 191 MiB 191 MiB 0.10
--- POOLS ---
POOL ID PGS STORED OBJECTS USED %USED MAX AVAIL
.mgr 1 1 897 KiB 2 2.6 MiB 0 57 GiB
rbd 2 99 0 B 0 0 B 0 57 GiB
# 4. 执行命令。不指定存储池，默认操作名为rbd的存储池。
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd ls # 无输出内容，也不会报错
镜像
# 1. 查看rbd存储池中有哪些镜像
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd ls
# 2. 创建名为img1的镜像，大小10GB
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd create img1 --size 10G
# 3. 查看存储池中有哪些镜像
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd ls
img1
# 4. 查看镜像详情
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd info img1
rbd image 'img1':
size 10 GiB in 2560 objects
...略...
# 5. 扩容。容量只是承诺大小，并不会立即分配全部空间，所以值可以超过总容量。
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd resize img1 --size 200G
Resizing image: 100% complete...done.
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd info img1
rbd image 'img1':
size 200 GiB in 51200 objects
...略...
# 6. 删除镜像
[ceph: root@ceph1 /]# rbd rm img1
Removing image: 100% complete...done.
ceph客户端
# 1. 拷贝/linux-soft/s2/zzg/ceph_soft/cephclient-rpm/目录内所有rpm包到pubserver的/var/ftp/rpms目录
# 2. 更新yum仓库
[root@pubserver ~]# createrepo /var/ftp/rpms/
# 3. 安装ceph客户端软件
[root@client1 ~]# yum install -y ceph-common
# 4. 将ceph1上的配置文件和密钥keyring文件拷贝给客户端
[root@ceph1 ceph_soft]# scp /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring /etc/ceph/ceph.conf 192.168.88.10:/etc/ceph/
# 5. 在客户端验证是否可以操作ceph
[root@client1 ~]# rbd create img1 --size 10G
[root@client1 ~]# rbd ls
img1
[root@client1 ~]# rbd info img1
rbd image 'img1':
size 10 GiB in 2560 objects
...略...
# 6. 将ceph镜像映射为本地硬盘
[root@client1 ~]# rbd map img1
/dev/rbd0 # rbd为固定名称，0是编号
# 7. 查看
[root@client1 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 60G 0 disk
└─sda1 8:1 0 60G 0 part /
sr0 11:0 1 10.5G 0 rom
rbd0 253:0 0 10G 0 disk # rbd0来自于ceph镜像
[root@client1 ~]# rbd showmapped # 镜像img1映射为了本地硬盘rbd0
id pool namespace image snap device
0 rbd img1 - /dev/rbd0
# 8. 应用
[root@client1 ~]# mkdir /data
[root@client1 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/rbd0
[root@client1 ~]# mount /dev/rbd0 /data/
[root@client1 ~]# df -h /data/
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/rbd0 10G 105M 9.9G 2% /data
[root@client1 ~]# cp /etc/hosts /data/
[root@client1 ~]# ls /data/
hosts
#删除
# 查看img1的状态
[root@client1 ~]# rbd status img1
# 按以下步骤删除img1
[root@client1 ~]# umount /dev/rbd0
[root@client1 ~]# rbd unmap img1
[root@client1 ~]# rbd rm img1
Removing image: 100% complete...done.
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